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The simple observation by Huygens that disproved Newton's rule for the extraordinary refraction of calcite
Huygens (1629–1695), in his <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/14725/14725-h/14725-h.htm"><i>Treatise on Light</i></a> (1690), explained the double refraction of calcite on the correct hypothesis that the secondary waves for the “extraordinary” refraction are <em>spheroida...
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