[{"id":561,"title":"Creativity, an Essential Condition for the Development of Smart and Age-friendly Cities and Communities","sha":"d6c9abed53385e0cac471dd89bc4d557","user_id":null,"state":"published","body":"The creativity of older adults and the ageing population is an essential condition for the development of “smart and age-friendly cities and communities” (SAFCC). First of all, the creativity may be understood as (1) the acceptance and use of new technologies in a creative way or as (2) the ability to produce ideas, solutions, products, and services that are new and appropriate to the context. Creativity helps us adapt to the complexity of social life and to coping with uncertainty. Thus, SAFCC need to be characterized by the creative activity of citizens of all ages, openness to diversity and focus on bridging the digital divide and the robotics divide. The discussion needs to highlight, among others, basic findings from the Active Ageing Index and the Medium-sized Smart Cities Ranking conducted in the European Union. Moreover, selected observations about inequalities related to the creativity at the regional and local levels should be presented. The idea development needs to underline that such differences may have an influence on the current and future distribution and use of technological innovations and social innovations for ageing societies.","created_at":"2019-02-04T22:58:19.425Z","updated_at":"2019-10-24T17:48:57.996Z","zenodo_id":3236948,"doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3236948","subject":null,"tags":["age-friendly","cities","communities","smart","creativity","ageing","digital divide","robotics divide","composite indicators"],"vote_count":1,"view_count":1,"score":1.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":true,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null},{"id":88,"title":"Peak Urbanism, Future Cities and Climate","sha":"46f0c5806004f1044ce04170672f0fa5","user_id":223,"state":"published","body":"Over half the global population is already urban, and the UN expect this share to continue rising [[UN 2014]] (http://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/default.aspx). Not only are cities already responsible for about 70% of global CO2, but their concentration of population and infrastructure make them especially vulnerable to climate change. Unless serious mitigation actions are implemented, by 2100 the world average surface temperature could warm by 4 °C or more above pre-industrial. Cities would then be subject to a variety of biophysical hazards. Health risks would rise from both more frequent and more intense heat waves, and possibly, the spread of infectious diseases. Flooding risk would increase for many cities due to rising sea levels for coastal cities and/or hinterland river flooding. Adaptation limits would be reached, with the residents of the world’s urban slums suffering the most [[Moriarty and Honnery 2015]] (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2014.12.009).\r\nAlternatively, if timely and stringent mitigation policies are implemented, the changes to urban economies are likely to be profound, probably necessitating declining energy and material throughputs, even if resource constraints are not limiting. If so, the attraction of cities could lessen. So, whether the world adopts adaptation or mitigation, peak urbanism is likely in the coming decades.\r\n\r\n","created_at":"2015-02-22T19:59:12.801Z","updated_at":"2015-03-16T12:39:16.414Z","zenodo_id":23308,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15593","subject":null,"tags":["future","urban","cities","climate"],"vote_count":3,"view_count":1,"score":3.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":true,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null}]