[{"id":224,"title":"Mythology and ancient origins of the domestic dog","sha":"c3acf0035ed23d8e82c1ea53e18c8f14","user_id":null,"state":"published","body":"The [use of appropriate statistical techniques applied to myths and folktales] (https://unive-paris1.academia.edu/JuliendHuy/Phylogenetics-of-Myths-and-Folktales) concerning domestic animals may provide valuable informations as to their origin and past diffusion. Indeed, the domestication of animals have probably been accompanied by the creation of many myths, which have followed the diffusion of species. \r\nLet's take an example. Using [Berezkin's database] (http://www.ruthenia.ru/folklore/berezkin/), I created absence and presence database for 23 myths that only concern dogs and 22 geographical areas (with more than 5 myths identified for each of them). I then built a  neighbour joining tree based on Jaccard distances with [Splitstree4] (http://www.splitstree.org/) (see attached). According to genetic analysis about the origin of dogs (e.g. [Ding et al. 2012] (http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v108/n5/pdf/hdy2011114a.pdf)), I rooted the tree in Indonesia. The results show a global correlation between phylogenetic and geographical clustering. In agreement with previous results ([van Asch et al. 2013] (http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1766/20131142)), it also suggests two waves of settlement in America. Moreover, using the tree, it becomes possible to reconstruct the palaeolithic mythology around the dog, i.e., « A man and a dog in the moon » (A32C in the Berezkin's database), « Talking dog » (B41), « People descend from a dog » (C12B), « Puppy as a reward » (E9E), « Chthonic canine »  (I27) and « Woman and dog » (K47A), some of those stories being already dated to the Stone age through other methods (eg I27: [Berezkin 2005] (http://www.ehrc.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ehrc/PDF%20Berezkin.pdf) ; C12B and K47A : [d'Huy 2013] (https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/932254/filename/2013.11._Des_mythes_prA_historiques_ont-ils_pu_survivre_au_dA_peuplement_du_Sahara._Le_cas_des_hommes-chiens.A_-_Les_Cahiers_de_l_AARS_16_107-112.pdf))","created_at":"2015-09-16T13:41:48.649Z","updated_at":"2015-09-22T17:11:05.688Z","zenodo_id":61201,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.31043","subject":null,"tags":["dog","phylogenetics","mythology","origins of the domestic dog","memetics","palaeolithic","stone age","migration","oral tradition","folktale","early human migrations"],"vote_count":2,"view_count":1,"score":2.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":false,"attachment_file_name":"Dog.png","attachment_content_type":"image/png","attachment_file_size":39034,"attachment_updated_at":"2015-09-16T13:41:47.854Z"},{"id":1011,"title":"Index of the Value of Labor over Capital (LoCI)","sha":"ba923a41e890d36eac4890677f3f4d6d","user_id":null,"state":"published","body":"I present a simple index to gauge the relative valuation of labor over capital in a country (LoCI). This index should correlate positively with the wealth and HDI of the country, and negatively with the precariousness of life of basic service providers at the bottom of the pyramid in that country. Because of that, it should also correlate strongly with labor migration from countries with low LoCI to higher LoCI. \r\nThe formula is:\r\n\r\nLoCI_i=10^(-4) (w_i/r_i  f_(i,us))\r\n\r\nWhere w represents the monthly minimum wage for country i; r represents the monthly risk-free interest rate for country i; and f represents the foreign exchange rate between the currency of country i and the US dollar. \r\nThis equation gives the amount of dollars necessary for a person in country i to receive the equivalent of a minimum wage salary as passive income incurring minimum financial risks (real risk-free rates can be used by subtracting the inflation rate of country i from r). Values are scaled by 10,000 to facilitate comparison. \r\n\r\nAs per October 2022, some LoCI scores are: Brazil 2.13; South Africa 2.15; Mexico 3.29; Malaysia 9.10; United States 40.04; England 110.18; Germany 292.06.\r\n\r\nMore sophisticated models with other variables regarding r (e.g. real risk free rates) and w (e.g. median salary, or salary at the ith percentile) can also be used without altering the basic insight.\r\n\r\n","created_at":"2022-10-03T21:50:55.565Z","updated_at":"2023-01-31T13:25:54.511Z","zenodo_id":7232624,"doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7232624","subject":null,"tags":["economic development","jobs","migration","human capital","economic policy","human development","labor","efficiency","international markets","institutions","labor economics"],"vote_count":1,"view_count":1,"score":1.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":true,"attachment_file_name":"LoCI.png","attachment_content_type":"image/png","attachment_file_size":91156,"attachment_updated_at":"2022-10-03T21:50:55.511Z"}]