[{"id":30,"title":"Supporting basic science through the crowd funding online platform","sha":"3afc459de1132993aa74c02633df71be","user_id":73,"state":"published","body":"During and after world war II, science has been supported by government. Science became huge and money-based activities. Norms such as CUDOS that has been support science began to be diminished since capitalism governs science. Competitions replace cooperations, applicability of science became the only reason to support science. In this circumstances, disciplines such as ecology, natural history, geology, field behavioral science cannot be supported by government money. These kinds of science activities which is considered not helpful for industrial revolutions should be maintained since history tells variety of science support technical revolution in long-term view.  I suggest that the current effort to support these kinds of basic science activities via public sector such as http://experiment.com needed to be extended. When we can support these scientific activities via government and industry-free manner, we can expect another good old days of science.  ","created_at":"2015-02-13T07:02:41.322Z","updated_at":"2016-08-15T14:24:47.166Z","zenodo_id":22150,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15092","subject":null,"tags":["science","science_policy","crowd_funding"],"vote_count":5,"view_count":1,"score":5.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":false,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null},{"id":78,"title":"Cancer cell nuclear expulsion: a possible mechanism of survival, and metastasis capability. ","sha":"b566367fae06afe6914bece416ea75cd","user_id":283,"state":"published","body":"A very interesting and novel experiment was carried out by Florina Bojin et al [Wiley](http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcmm.12271/abstract). Constructing on this published work, I propose a novel survival mechanism of the cancer cell, and a new metastasis mechanism. Giving that cancer cells are known for their survival capabilities, could a nuclear expulsion -produced by stress, either biochemical, mechanical or nutritional- be used as survival mechanism, and, or a seeding action? The questions are many, but the answers could bring a new understanding of what exactly constitutes a cell or could a nucleus of of a cell -cancer cell- survive without its host cell? I propose a further investigation of the possibility that a cancer cell nucleus could be a seeding apparatus for metastases. Would a nucleus be able to ''high-jack''  another cell -if the nucleus survives the expulsion-? Is there an immune response to an ejected nucleus? I think the first steps are to confirm the existence of nuclear expulsion In Vivo, the viability of the ejected nuclei, and the possibility of ''nuclear cellular high-jacking''.\r\nThank you.     ","created_at":"2015-02-20T21:35:36.809Z","updated_at":"2015-02-26T11:52:06.861Z","zenodo_id":23227,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15562","subject":null,"tags":["science","cancer","molecularbiology","mechanism","cellular"],"vote_count":3,"view_count":1,"score":3.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":false,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null},{"id":69,"title":"Reducing the peer review burden and raising grant success rates by passing a simple law","sha":"0b34a8a607005992056b4f4eb8fed76c","user_id":267,"state":"published","body":"Pass a law that limits the total dollars that a research organization can request from the federal government to three times the average dollars they received in previous years. This would immediately change the average success rate of grants to one in three; a major improvement from current rates. Scientists would be free to spend more time in the lab and less time writing and reviewing grants.\r\n\r\nHow would this work? If an institution did not generate an internal screen for limiting applications, their grants would be assigned a random number and only the appropriate fraction would be sent on to the respective funding agency. Smart institutions would establish priorities that matched to their values (e.g. supporting young scientists or multidisciplinary science). \r\n\r\nAsking institutions to screen grant applications based on their values would be a big change. But it is reasonable to ask institutions to share the burden of peer review and to play a roll in the process of selecting the best ideas. Regardless of how institutions responded, the burden of peer review would drop. Scientists would spend less time in DC, less time at the computer, and more time in the lab. ","created_at":"2015-02-19T19:05:06.450Z","updated_at":"2023-12-12T21:01:35.952Z","zenodo_id":23159,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15533","subject":null,"tags":["research","researchers","academia","publishing","economy","science","society","occupation","science_policy","workforce","government","logistics","market","universities","creativity"],"vote_count":10,"view_count":1,"score":10.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":false,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null},{"id":118,"title":"The spontaneous order of social media","sha":"ba46ce488fdcdeac8a56de99530c5fbc","user_id":481,"state":"published","body":"Social media is a spontaneous order. Or, rather, various social orders cultivated on social media platforms—patterns of interaction, virtual communities, co-creation and user-generated content—constitute their own spontaneous orders. Social media spontaneous orders emerge and evolve in an orderly yet unplanned way due to shared rules of procedure, simplified feedback mechanisms, freedom of entry and exit, and equality of status among participants[[1]](https://cosmosandtaxis.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/ct_1_1_dizerega.pdf). Most studies of spontaneous orders have focused on markets[[2]](http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/L/bo3621679.html)[[3]](http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/L/bo5970048.html), science[[4]]( http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1026591624255), and democracy[[5]](http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08913818908459563?journalCode=rcri20)[[6]](https://cosmosandtaxis.files.wordpress.com/2014/05/sieo_5_2012_andersson.pdf). Recent extensions have explored the spontaneous order of religion[[7]](https://cosmosandtaxis.files.wordpress.com/2014/05/sieo_3_2010_andersson.pdf), art[[8]](https://cosmosandtaxis.files.wordpress.com/2014/05/sieo_3_2010_camplin.pdf), innovation[[9]](https://cosmosandtaxis.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/j_potts.pdf), and cities[[10]](http://au.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1557866988.html)[[11]](https://cosmosandtaxis.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/ct_1_1_palmberg.pdf); but social media life in an open society—the *social media cosmos*—is also such an order.\r\n\r\nLike other *cosmos*, social media spontaneous orders are complex discovery procedures that coordinate the distributed knowledge of participants. Yet social media spontaneous orders are distinct from others because they privileges a different systemic resource and rely on unique feedback mechanisms. Social media participants do not use profits (e.g. markets) or priority of discovery (e.g. science) or votes (e.g. democracy) to assess performance; nor do they use price signals to coordinate plans and activities. The systemic resource of social media is attention: “focused mental engagement on a particular item of information”[[12]](http://books.google.com.au/books/about/The_Attention_Economy.html?id=j6z-MiUKgosC). Participants look to connectivity/interactivity ratios and many social media analytics as coordinative feedback mechanisms.","created_at":"2015-03-14T10:56:09.207Z","updated_at":"2015-03-15T06:00:19.534Z","zenodo_id":24619,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16051","subject":null,"tags":["social media","spontaneous order","self-organisation","economy","science","culture"],"vote_count":0,"view_count":1,"score":0.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":true,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null},{"id":144,"title":"String notation for capturing the entire experimental processes of chemistry","sha":"830d1439390f3f6d34a331b7983b403d","user_id":540,"state":"published","body":"A string notation which is inspired by [SMILES](http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ci00057a005) notation in chemistry can be devised for capturing entire chemistry experimental and methodological sequences and processes. Laboratory experimental procedures are often described as flowcharts, which are (directed) graphs. There will be small symbols and character sequences which will refer specifically to sampling, instrumentation, modes, and levels, as well as ways of referencing chemical glassware types. Chemical substances can be referred to by any current string format. This kind of notation will be most useful in the context of everyday laboratory work: The scientist will only be using a small group of symbols at a time and these symbols can be used in filenames and experimental metadata to be stored on a computer easily associated with the files created in the course of an experiment. Using the string notation should also dramatically decrease the amount of writing and will be easily searchable. The structure of this notation scheme is starkly different than structured vocabularies (i.e. ontologies): Most of the symbols act as pictograms rather than letters, being easy to learn, transcending language and time boundaries, allowing context. The option to include as much information as the scientist desires is a necessary feature. Extendable to other sciences.","created_at":"2015-04-11T17:32:49.694Z","updated_at":"2015-04-13T17:57:09.549Z","zenodo_id":26808,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16763","subject":null,"tags":["chemistry","information","mathematics","computing","science"],"vote_count":2,"view_count":1,"score":2.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":true,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null},{"id":32,"title":"The Physics of transport processes","sha":"d31ba7b19dd43e95dad1aedba3c069bd","user_id":107,"state":"published","body":"The physics of transport processes has been and is currently a very important sector in the description and\r\nunderstanding of the “infinitely small and big”. Nanophysics is demonstrating in recent years the richness of\r\nphenomena occurring at the nano-scale. A new formulation of the Drude-Lorentz model offers analytical expressions of the most important transport parameters, i.e. the velocities correlation function, the mean square deviation of position and the diffusion coefficient of a system. The model contains a gauge factor, which allows its use from sub-pico-level to macro-level. With this model it is possible to deeply investigate this range and to study interesting applications, from everyday life to cosmology. Moreover very interesting is also the deep study of the involved mathematics, i.e. contour integration in the complex plane, for finding the poles of studied expressions of conductivity. The procedure is mathematically very elegant, because it is analytical calculation.","created_at":"2015-02-13T18:06:17.147Z","updated_at":"2015-06-16T17:31:26.655Z","zenodo_id":22195,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15106","subject":null,"tags":["science","model"],"vote_count":1,"view_count":1,"score":1.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":false,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null},{"id":858,"title":"agricolaeplotr: An R package for visualising experimental designs in science and engineering","sha":"7d5007cfc09d9b9f7958eb6d8ffb5dac","user_id":null,"state":"published","body":"Experimental designs are widely used in the life sciences to substantiate hypotheses through experiments. In the life sciences, this is an indispensable part of gaining scientific knowledge. In addition, open source software is increasingly used in science and engineering. One important programme is R, which is used as a statistical programme for evaluating experiments. The most important R package for designing experiments is the agricolae package, which creates many common experimental designs. However, apart from simple matrix sketches for selected designs, the package does not contain any visualisations of the experimental designs. This gap will be closed by the planned agricolaeplotr package. \r\n\r\nThe planned workflow: The user can enter an object as input, which contains an experimental design from the agricolae package and gets a field map output with a few parameters. \r\nThis shows the spatial dimensions of the experiment, as well as the location of the individual plots in the experiment. In addition, the plot numbers are output as labels, and the plots are coloured according to the levels of a factor (see attachment). This can be further processed, as pure ggplot2 functions are used. These maps can be used to communicate with project stakeholders in science and education.\r\n","created_at":"2021-07-04T16:39:26.157Z","updated_at":"2021-09-13T06:00:54.858Z","zenodo_id":5502175,"doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5502175","subject":null,"tags":["r","package","agriculture","visualisation","science","engineering"],"vote_count":0,"view_count":1,"score":0.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":false,"attachment_file_name":"fieldmap_three_factors.pdf","attachment_content_type":"application/pdf","attachment_file_size":15333,"attachment_updated_at":"2021-07-04T16:39:26.137Z"},{"id":143,"title":"Naturalness of Atheism and Supernaturalness of Religion - A Role for Theological Science","sha":"c4fcf79b9c0be4b2b24ee2baa941a221","user_id":540,"state":"published","body":"Scientific approaches (\"science\" narrowly defined as the \"sciences of nature\") metaphysically exclude divine effects as appropriate--in other words, science itself is structured to exclude divine action (pragmatically). The problem with the \"natural\" study of religion is that religion cannot be reduced to its natural causes and effects. This is precisely because divine causes and effects are the source and telos of religious life, with natural causes being more appropriately \"effects which follow from divine causes\". Science can contribute, because of its structure, studying natural phenomena associated with religion understood as natural phenomena and not as divine phenomena. Therefore, the word \"natural\" must be defined here as \"strictly scientifically natural\", suggesting that atheism is a strictly scientifically natural belief (excluding divinity not only pragmatically but substantially), whereas religion, limited to strictly scientific investigation, is \"natural\" because of its natural effects, but points to something outside of strictly natural explanations. The word \"unnaturalness\" applied to religion by [konrad szocik](/users/76d3c51025e2ea94f969165c2ad98be7) signified the opposite of only a strictly scientific \"naturalness\". A more appropriate word than \"unnaturalness\" would be \"supernaturalness\". This word is more proper to the object of study (religion) and is not contradictory to \"natural\" but suggests explanatory plausibility \"outside\" or beyond the structure of nature, suggesting reality beyond nature. Here is where theology might begin to have significant input.","created_at":"2015-04-10T18:35:46.345Z","updated_at":"2015-04-12T06:01:06.958Z","zenodo_id":26806,"doi":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16762","subject":null,"tags":["religion","atheism","science","philosophy","evolution","biology","morality"],"vote_count":0,"view_count":1,"score":0.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":false,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null}]