[{"id":732,"title":"Playing Football behind closed doors: A natural experiment on the link between crowd support and home advantage","sha":"f88b6751cead0ff3239e1911bb84d596","user_id":null,"state":"published","body":"In football, as in many other sports, there is a sizeable advantage for the home team, found all around the globe, which means that home teams have a significantly higher chance of winning. While this effect has shrunk over the years, the exact reasons are unknown. They may include familiarity with the ground, travel burdens for the away team, and, of course, crowd support for the home team (directly, by affecting players’ performance, or indirectly, by pressuring referees).\r\n\r\nCurrently, due to the Corona-Crisis, all major leagues in Europe are suspended and it’s unclear whether professional football can resume any time soon. In Germany, preparations for re-opening the league have advanced the furthest. It seems possible that the Bundesliga might return to play in the second half of May, without supporters. There are still 81 games to play until the end of the season. While there is a public debate about the dangers of resuming the league, playing in empty stadiums would create a natural experiment on the effect of home crowd support on the match result: As no supporters are present, the home advantage should vanish or at least diminish significantly if crowd support is the major driver. Games played on neutral venues could serve the same purpose (as currently discussed in England).\r\n","created_at":"2020-05-06T08:24:20.778Z","updated_at":"2020-07-22T11:39:58.874Z","zenodo_id":3813103,"doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3813103","subject":null,"tags":["natural experiment","corona","covid-19","sports","home advantage","crowd-support"],"vote_count":3,"view_count":1,"score":3.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":true,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null},{"id":791,"title":"The Impact of Conflict on Entrepreneurial Group Dynamics and Organizational Outcomes: Suggesting an Intervention Study Using Conflict Mediating Strategies","sha":"e5992b338d35b9bca5c0d1f92c3b0bc0","user_id":null,"state":"published","body":"Entrepreneurial groups consist of individuals bound together by their joint engagement in founding and running a business. Conflict in such teams may affect group performance, innovation, team development, as well as team efficiency and cognitive trust and may eventually lead to team member exit.\r\n\r\nTypically, it is very difficult to establish causal relationships in this area of research. Intervention studies, set up as field experiments or randomized controlled trials of group conflict, could change this. They are scientific experiments conducted in the natural habitat of research subjects, randomly assigning a treatment to different entrepreneurial groups. While inducing conflict deliberately as a treatment would be unethical, researchers only need to experimentally influence the probability of conflict happening. \r\n\r\nStarting with a probability survey of entrepreneurial groups, a subsample is selected randomly as the treatment group. The treatment consists of tools and services for conflict management and prevention, provided and paid for by the researchers. The remaining sample serves as the control group. Assuming that conflict is a constant companion of entrepreneurial groups, the treatment would reduce conflict levels compared to the non-treatment group. The resulting exogenous variation in conflict levels allows to investigating the causal influence of group conflict on group outcomes.\r\n","created_at":"2020-11-20T15:23:21.746Z","updated_at":"2021-05-21T06:01:19.603Z","zenodo_id":4775012,"doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4775012","subject":null,"tags":["field experiment","entrepreneurial teams","randomized controlled trials","conflict management and prevention"],"vote_count":0,"view_count":1,"score":0.1,"deleted":false,"muted":false,"tweeted":false,"attachment_file_name":null,"attachment_content_type":null,"attachment_file_size":null,"attachment_updated_at":null}]